{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-73541", "assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "EEF", "dateReserved": "2026-08-18T10:00:02.140Z", "datePublished": "2026-08-19T17:20:00.286Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T18:47:04.542Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"affected": [{"collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm", "cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "modules": ["'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy'", "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo'"], "packageName": "mpp", "packageURL": "pkg:hex/mpp", "product": "mpp", "programFiles": ["lib/mpp/methods/tempo/fee_payer_policy.ex", "lib/mpp/methods/tempo.ex"], "programRoutines": [{"name": "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy':validate/3"}, {"name": "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo':verify/2"}], "repo": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp", "vendor": "ZenHive", "versions": [{"lessThan": "0.12.0", "status": "affected", "version": "0.2.0", "versionType": "semver"}]}, {"collectionURL": "https://github.com", "cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "modules": ["'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy'", "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo'"], "packageName": "zenhive/mpp", "packageURL": "pkg:github/zenhive/mpp", "product": "mpp", "programFiles": ["lib/mpp/methods/tempo/fee_payer_policy.ex", "lib/mpp/methods/tempo.ex"], "programRoutines": [{"name": "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy':validate/3"}, {"name": "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo':verify/2"}], "repo": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp", "vendor": "ZenHive", "versions": [{"lessThan": "ddc46868fba57ccebb567c04709812b466123076", "status": "affected", "version": "d29d54e507918db00a5b65d90136b73166c017d7", "versionType": "git"}]}], "configurations": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "<p>Only deployments that enable Tempo server-side fee sponsorship are affected, through <code>\"fee_payer\" =&gt; true</code> in <code>method_config</code> with either local co-signing (<code>fee_payer_private_key</code>) or hosted sponsorship (<code>fee_payer_url</code>). Sponsorship is disabled by default.</p>"}, {"base64": false, "type": "text/markdown", "value": "Only deployments that enable Tempo server-side fee sponsorship are affected, through `\"fee_payer\" => true` in `method_config` with either local co-signing (`fee_payer_private_key`) or hosted sponsorship (`fee_payer_url`). Sponsorship is disabled by default."}], "value": "Only deployments that enable Tempo server-side fee sponsorship are affected, through \"fee_payer\" => true in method_config with either local co-signing (fee_payer_private_key) or hosted sponsorship (fee_payer_url). Sponsorship is disabled by default."}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "0.12.0", "versionStartIncluding": "0.2.0", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}], "operator": "AND"}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "E.FU"}, {"lang": "en", "type": "remediation developer", "value": "E.FU"}, {"lang": "en", "type": "analyst", "value": "Jonatan M\u00e4nnchen / EEF"}], "datePublic": "2026-08-02T00:00:00.000Z", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "<p>Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to drain the fee-payer wallet through concurrent sponsored payments, denying service to legitimate payers once it is empty.</p>\n<p><code>MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy</code> enforces its ceilings (<code>max_gas</code>, <code>max_fee_per_gas</code>, <code>max_priority_fee_per_gas</code>, the worst-case <code>gas_limit * max_fee_per_gas &lt;= max_total_fee</code> budget cap, and a validity window) against one transaction at a time, and nothing accounts for exposure across concurrent requests. <code>reserve_hash_atomic/2</code> is keyed on the transaction hash, so it prevents duplicate broadcast of the same signed transaction but not N distinct sponsored transactions carrying distinct expiring nonces. Committed sponsor exposure is therefore N times <code>max_total_fee</code>, bounded by nothing in the library, and the default 900 second validity window lets co-signed transactions stay broadcastable and uncounted for that entire period.</p>\n<p>This issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.12.0.</p>"}, {"base64": false, "type": "text/markdown", "value": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to drain the fee-payer wallet through concurrent sponsored payments, denying service to legitimate payers once it is empty.\n\n`MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy` enforces its ceilings (`max_gas`, `max_fee_per_gas`, `max_priority_fee_per_gas`, the worst-case `gas_limit * max_fee_per_gas <= max_total_fee` budget cap, and a validity window) against one transaction at a time, and nothing accounts for exposure across concurrent requests. `reserve_hash_atomic/2` is keyed on the transaction hash, so it prevents duplicate broadcast of the same signed transaction but not N distinct sponsored transactions carrying distinct expiring nonces. Committed sponsor exposure is therefore N times `max_total_fee`, bounded by nothing in the library, and the default 900 second validity window lets co-signed transactions stay broadcastable and uncounted for that entire period.\n\nThis issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.12.0."}], "value": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to drain the fee-payer wallet through concurrent sponsored payments, denying service to legitimate payers once it is empty.\n\nMPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy enforces its ceilings (max_gas, max_fee_per_gas, max_priority_fee_per_gas, the worst-case gas_limit * max_fee_per_gas <= max_total_fee budget cap, and a validity window) against one transaction at a time, and nothing accounts for exposure across concurrent requests. reserve_hash_atomic/2 is keyed on the transaction hash, so it prevents duplicate broadcast of the same signed transaction but not N distinct sponsored transactions carrying distinct expiring nonces. Committed sponsor exposure is therefore N times max_total_fee, bounded by nothing in the library, and the default 900 second validity window lets co-signed transactions stay broadcastable and uncounted for that entire period.\n\nThis issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.12.0."}], "impacts": [{"capecId": "CAPEC-130", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-130 Excessive Allocation"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV4_0": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "PRESENT", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseScore": 8.3, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-770", "description": "CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "shortName": "EEF", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T17:20:00.286Z"}, "references": [{"tags": ["vendor-advisory", "related"], "url": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp/security/advisories/GHSA-j4j7-7xpr-c7cr"}, {"tags": ["related"], "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-73541.html"}, {"tags": ["related"], "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-73541"}, {"tags": ["patch"], "url": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp/commit/ddc46868fba57ccebb567c04709812b466123076"}], "source": {"discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "title": "Tempo fee sponsorship in mpp bounds each transaction but not aggregate exposure, allowing concurrent sponsor-wallet drain", "workarounds": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "<p>Disable Tempo fee sponsorship by setting <code>\"fee_payer\" =&gt; false</code> (the default), so the client pays its own gas and the sponsor wallet is never committed. Where sponsorship must stay enabled, lowering <code>max_total_fee</code> and <code>max_validity_window_seconds</code> reduces the exposure each concurrent request can commit and how long it stays outstanding, without bounding the aggregate.</p>"}, {"base64": false, "type": "text/markdown", "value": "Disable Tempo fee sponsorship by setting `\"fee_payer\" => false` (the default), so the client pays its own gas and the sponsor wallet is never committed. Where sponsorship must stay enabled, lowering `max_total_fee` and `max_validity_window_seconds` reduces the exposure each concurrent request can commit and how long it stays outstanding, without bounding the aggregate."}], "value": "Disable Tempo fee sponsorship by setting \"fee_payer\" => false (the default), so the client pays its own gas and the sponsor wallet is never committed. Where sponsorship must stay enabled, lowering max_total_fee and max_validity_window_seconds reduces the exposure each concurrent request can commit and how long it stays outstanding, without bounding the aggregate."}]}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2026-08-19T18:45:45.477502Z", "id": "CVE-2026-73541", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T18:47:04.542Z"}}]}}

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Where sponsorship must stay enabled, lowering max_total_fee and max_validity_window_seconds reduces the exposure each concurrent request can commit and how long it stays outstanding, without bounding the aggregate.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "<p>Disable Tempo fee sponsorship by setting <code>\"fee_payer\" =&gt; false</code> (the default), so the client pays its own gas and the sponsor wallet is never committed. Where sponsorship must stay enabled, lowering <code>max_total_fee</code> and <code>max_validity_window_seconds</code> reduces the exposure each concurrent request can commit and how long it stays outstanding, without bounding the aggregate.</p>", "base64": false}, {"type": "text/markdown", "value": "Disable Tempo fee sponsorship by setting `\"fee_payer\" => false` (the default), so the client pays its own gas and the sponsor wallet is never committed. Where sponsorship must stay enabled, lowering `max_total_fee` and `max_validity_window_seconds` reduces the exposure each concurrent request can commit and how long it stays outstanding, without bounding the aggregate.", "base64": false}]}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to drain the fee-payer wallet through concurrent sponsored payments, denying service to legitimate payers once it is empty.\n\nMPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy enforces its ceilings (max_gas, max_fee_per_gas, max_priority_fee_per_gas, the worst-case gas_limit * max_fee_per_gas <= max_total_fee budget cap, and a validity window) against one transaction at a time, and nothing accounts for exposure across concurrent requests. reserve_hash_atomic/2 is keyed on the transaction hash, so it prevents duplicate broadcast of the same signed transaction but not N distinct sponsored transactions carrying distinct expiring nonces. Committed sponsor exposure is therefore N times max_total_fee, bounded by nothing in the library, and the default 900 second validity window lets co-signed transactions stay broadcastable and uncounted for that entire period.\n\nThis issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.12.0.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "<p>Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to drain the fee-payer wallet through concurrent sponsored payments, denying service to legitimate payers once it is empty.</p>\n<p><code>MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy</code> enforces its ceilings (<code>max_gas</code>, <code>max_fee_per_gas</code>, <code>max_priority_fee_per_gas</code>, the worst-case <code>gas_limit * max_fee_per_gas &lt;= max_total_fee</code> budget cap, and a validity window) against one transaction at a time, and nothing accounts for exposure across concurrent requests. <code>reserve_hash_atomic/2</code> is keyed on the transaction hash, so it prevents duplicate broadcast of the same signed transaction but not N distinct sponsored transactions carrying distinct expiring nonces. Committed sponsor exposure is therefore N times <code>max_total_fee</code>, bounded by nothing in the library, and the default 900 second validity window lets co-signed transactions stay broadcastable and uncounted for that entire period.</p>\n<p>This issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.12.0.</p>", "base64": false}, {"type": "text/markdown", "value": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to drain the fee-payer wallet through concurrent sponsored payments, denying service to legitimate payers once it is empty.\n\n`MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy` enforces its ceilings (`max_gas`, `max_fee_per_gas`, `max_priority_fee_per_gas`, the worst-case `gas_limit * max_fee_per_gas <= max_total_fee` budget cap, and a validity window) against one transaction at a time, and nothing accounts for exposure across concurrent requests. `reserve_hash_atomic/2` is keyed on the transaction hash, so it prevents duplicate broadcast of the same signed transaction but not N distinct sponsored transactions carrying distinct expiring nonces. Committed sponsor exposure is therefore N times `max_total_fee`, bounded by nothing in the library, and the default 900 second validity window lets co-signed transactions stay broadcastable and uncounted for that entire period.\n\nThis issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.12.0.", "base64": false}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-770", "description": "CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling"}]}], "configurations": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Only deployments that enable Tempo server-side fee sponsorship are affected, through \"fee_payer\" => true in method_config with either local co-signing (fee_payer_private_key) or hosted sponsorship (fee_payer_url). Sponsorship is disabled by default.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "<p>Only deployments that enable Tempo server-side fee sponsorship are affected, through <code>\"fee_payer\" =&gt; true</code> in <code>method_config</code> with either local co-signing (<code>fee_payer_private_key</code>) or hosted sponsorship (<code>fee_payer_url</code>). Sponsorship is disabled by default.</p>", "base64": false}, {"type": "text/markdown", "value": "Only deployments that enable Tempo server-side fee sponsorship are affected, through `\"fee_payer\" => true` in `method_config` with either local co-signing (`fee_payer_private_key`) or hosted sponsorship (`fee_payer_url`). Sponsorship is disabled by default.", "base64": false}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "0.12.0", "versionStartIncluding": "0.2.0"}], "operator": "OR"}], "operator": "AND"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "shortName": "EEF", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T17:20:00.286Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-73541", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T18:47:04.542Z", "dateReserved": "2026-08-18T10:00:02.140Z", "assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "datePublished": "2026-08-19T17:20:00.286Z", "assignerShortName": "EEF"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm", "cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "modules": ["'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy'", "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo'"], "packageName": "mpp", "packageURL": "pkg:hex/mpp", "product": "mpp", "programFiles": ["lib/mpp/methods/tempo/fee_payer_policy.ex", "lib/mpp/methods/tempo.ex"], "programRoutines": [{"name": "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy':validate/3"}, {"name": "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo':verify/2"}], "repo": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp", "vendor": "ZenHive", "versions": [{"lessThan": "0.12.0", "status": "affected", "version": "0.2.0", "versionType": "semver"}]}, {"collectionURL": "https://github.com", "cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "modules": ["'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy'", "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo'"], "packageName": "zenhive/mpp", "packageURL": "pkg:github/zenhive/mpp", "product": "mpp", "programFiles": ["lib/mpp/methods/tempo/fee_payer_policy.ex", "lib/mpp/methods/tempo.ex"], "programRoutines": [{"name": "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy':validate/3"}, {"name": "'Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo':verify/2"}], "repo": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp", "vendor": "ZenHive", "versions": [{"lessThan": "ddc46868fba57ccebb567c04709812b466123076", "status": "affected", "version": "d29d54e507918db00a5b65d90136b73166c017d7", "versionType": "git"}]}], "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to drain the fee-payer wallet through concurrent sponsored payments, denying service to legitimate payers once it is empty.\n\nMPP.Methods.Tempo.FeePayerPolicy enforces its ceilings (max_gas, max_fee_per_gas, max_priority_fee_per_gas, the worst-case gas_limit * max_fee_per_gas <= max_total_fee budget cap, and a validity window) against one transaction at a time, and nothing accounts for exposure across concurrent requests. reserve_hash_atomic/2 is keyed on the transaction hash, so it prevents duplicate broadcast of the same signed transaction but not N distinct sponsored transactions carrying distinct expiring nonces. Committed sponsor exposure is therefore N times max_total_fee, bounded by nothing in the library, and the default 900 second validity window lets co-signed transactions stay broadcastable and uncounted for that entire period.\n\nThis issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.12.0."}], "id": "CVE-2026-73541", "lastModified": "2026-08-19T19:17:24.303", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"cvssData": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "PRESENT", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 8.3, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-73541", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-08-19T18:45:45.477502Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2026-08-19T18:17:25.627", "references": [{"source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-73541.html"}, {"source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "url": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp/commit/ddc46868fba57ccebb567c04709812b466123076"}, {"source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "url": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp/security/advisories/GHSA-j4j7-7xpr-c7cr"}, {"source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-73541"}], "sourceIdentifier": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "vulnStatus": "Received", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-770"}], "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{}

{}